Tax

Making Tax Digital, explained.

MTD for Income Tax changes how self-employed doctors, dentists and landlords report to HMRC. Here's who it affects and when.

£50k
Threshold for first wave
4
Quarterly updates per year
1
Final year-end declaration

What MTD for Income Tax actually requires

Instead of one self-assessment return a year, affected individuals must keep digital records and send quarterly summary updates to HMRC using compatible software, followed by a final year-end declaration.

Who it applies to

Self-employed individuals and landlords (including doctors and dentists with locum/associate income or rental property) whose combined qualifying income is above the relevant threshold. HMRC has been phasing this in by income band — always check the current threshold and start date for your income level on GOV.UK, as the rollout has been staged over several years.

What changes in practice

Before MTD

One self-assessment tax return submitted annually, often via an accountant, sometimes from a spreadsheet or paper records.

Under MTD

Digital record-keeping throughout the year using compatible software, four quarterly updates submitted to HMRC, plus a final declaration to confirm and adjust the year's figures.

Spreadsheets aren't banned — but need a bridge

You can still use a spreadsheet for records if you use "bridging software" to submit the figures to HMRC in the required digital format — but many self-employed clinicians find dedicated accounting software simpler in practice.

FAQ

PAYE employment income is generally not itself in scope for MTD for Income Tax — it's your self-employed (locum) and property income that counts toward the qualifying income threshold. Check current guidance for exactly what's included in the calculation.

HMRC operates a penalty points system for late submissions under MTD, similar in concept to penalty points for speeding — accumulate enough points within a period and a financial penalty follows. Check current HMRC guidance for the specific point thresholds and penalty amounts.